關(guan)于硬(ying)質(zhi)合金精密(mi)加工的介紹
硬(ying)質(zhi)合金是一(yi)種硬(ying)度(du)非常(chang)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料，其加(jia)工(gong)(gong)過程也是有一(yi)定難度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。近年(nian)來(lai)隨著科技的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進步和(he)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展，很多(duo)工(gong)(gong)業領域對硬(ying)質(zhi)合金工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)要(yao)求(qiu)越來(lai)越高(gao)，包(bao)括精(jing)密(mi)公差(cha)尺寸和(he)表面(mian)粗(cu)糙度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)要(yao)求(qiu)，以及一(yi)些堅(jian)硬(ying)難加(jia)工(gong)(gong)材料制(zhi)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜零件。對硬(ying)質(zhi)合金精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)提(ti)出(chu)了新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰。今天，西迪小編(bian)給(gei)大家分享的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)便是關(guan)于(yu)硬(ying)質(zhi)合金精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)知識。
硬質合金精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)包括精(jing)(jing)整加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和光整加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，精(jing)(jing)整加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是生產中常用的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，指(zhi)的(de)(de)是在精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)之后從工(gong)(gong)(gong)件上(shang)切除(chu)很(hen)薄(bo)的(de)(de)材料層，以提(ti)高工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)度(du)和減少表面的(de)(de)粗糙度(du)值為(wei)目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法，如(ru)研(yan)磨、珩磨等。而(er)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)光整加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是指(zhi)不切除(chu)或者(zhe)從工(gong)(gong)(gong)件上(shang)切除(chu)極薄(bo)材料層，以降(jiang)低表面粗糙度(du)為(wei)目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法，比如(ru)超精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、拋(pao)光等。
硬質合金精(jing)(jing)密加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的研(yan)磨(mo)是用研(yan)磨(mo)工(gong)(gong)具和研(yan)磨(mo)劑，從工(gong)(gong)件上研(yan)去(qu)一層極薄表面層的精(jing)(jing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方法(fa)。
采用(yong)(yong)不同的(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工(gong)具，比如研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)芯棒(bang)、研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)套、研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平板(ban)等(deng)，可(ke)對硬(ying)質合(he)金的(de)內圓、外圓和平面等(deng)進行研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。為了磨(mo)(mo)料(liao)能嵌入研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)套的(de)內表面，研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)套的(de)材(cai)料(liao)應(ying)該軟一(yi)些，常用(yong)(yong)的(de)是鑄鐵。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)時(shi)先在(zai)工(gong)具表面涂上一(yi)層均勻的(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑(ji)，手持研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工(gong)具在(zai)軸上來回(hui)移動(dong)，直至達到研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)要求為止。
研磨的精密(mi)加工方(fang)法(fa)具有以下(xia)特(te)點：
1、 經(jing)過研磨后的(de)工件表(biao)面，尺寸精度(du)(du)可(ke)以(yi)達到IT4-IT1級；表(biao)面粗糙(cao)度(du)(du)值(zhi)可(ke)減小(xiao)到0.1-0.0006μm。形狀精度(du)(du)可(ke)相應提高(gao)。
2、 生產(chan)效(xiao)率比較(jiao)低，加工余量小(xiao)。
3、 研磨(mo)劑易(yi)飛濺，污染環(huan)境。
在現代(dai)制造業(ye)中(zhong)，研磨應用非常廣，許多精密量塊、量規、齒(chi)輪(lun)、鋼球、噴油嘴、石英晶體(ti)、陶(tao)瓷元件(jian)等(deng)零件(jian)均需研磨。
我們再(zai)來看看硬質合金精密加(jia)工的另外一種加(jia)工方式珩(heng)(heng)磨(mo)。珩(heng)(heng)磨(mo)的加(jia)工原理是(shi)利(li)用珩(heng)(heng)磨(mo)工具對工件表(biao)面施加(jia)一定壓力，珩(heng)(heng)磨(mo)工具同時作往復(fu)振動(dong)、相對旋(xuan)轉和直線(xian)往復(fu)運(yun)動(dong)，切除工件上極小的余量的精密加(jia)工方法。
拋光(guang)是利用機械、化學(xue)或電化學(xue)地作用，使工(gong)(gong)件(jian)獲的(de)光(guang)亮、平整表面(mian)的(de)加工(gong)(gong)方法。拋光(guang)是安排在工(gong)(gong)件(jian)精(jing)加工(gong)(gong)之后(hou)進行，拋光(guang)之后(hou)的(de)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)，粗糙度(du)R值可達0.1-0.012μm，并能明顯增加光(guang)亮度(du)，但是不(bu)能保持原有的(de)精(jing)度(du)。
硬質(zhi)合金精(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)還有(you)很多加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方式，如(ru)CNC銑削加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、慢走絲線切(qie)割加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、電火花加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、數控車床(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等等，今(jin)天給大家介紹的(de)還只(zhi)是磨加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)一小(xiao)部分，硬質(zhi)合金精(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是一門(men)大學問(wen)，公司在硬質(zhi)合金精(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方面擁有(you)非常雄厚的(de)實力，配備(bei)各類先進加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設備(bei)，適用于各類高(gao)精(jing)密(mi)(mi)、特(te)種(zhong)材料(liao)、偏心內(nei)外形、彎頭、復雜幾何零件的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，歡迎前(qian)來咨詢。
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