關于硬質合金精密加工的(de)介紹(shao)
硬質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合金是一(yi)種(zhong)硬度(du)非常高(gao)的(de)材(cai)料(liao)，其(qi)加(jia)工過程也(ye)是有(you)一(yi)定難度(du)的(de)。近年來(lai)隨(sui)著(zhu)科(ke)技(ji)的(de)進(jin)步(bu)和生產的(de)發展(zhan)，很(hen)多工業領域對硬質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合金工件的(de)加(jia)工要(yao)求越來(lai)越高(gao)，包括精密(mi)公差尺寸和表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)糙度(du)的(de)高(gao)要(yao)求，以及一(yi)些堅硬難加(jia)工材(cai)料(liao)制成的(de)復雜零件。對硬質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合金精密(mi)加(jia)工提出(chu)了新的(de)挑戰。今天，西迪小編給大家分享的(de)便是關(guan)于硬質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合金精密(mi)加(jia)工的(de)相關(guan)知(zhi)識(shi)。
硬質合(he)金精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)密加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)包括精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)整(zheng)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)光整(zheng)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)整(zheng)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)生產(chan)中(zhong)常用的精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)密加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，指(zhi)的是(shi)(shi)在(zai)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)之后從工(gong)(gong)(gong)件上切除(chu)很(hen)薄的材料(liao)層，以提高工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)和(he)減少表(biao)面(mian)的粗(cu)糙度(du)值為(wei)目的的加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法(fa)，如研磨(mo)(mo)、珩磨(mo)(mo)等(deng)。而精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)密加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的光整(zheng)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)不(bu)切除(chu)或者從工(gong)(gong)(gong)件上切除(chu)極薄材料(liao)層，以降低(di)表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)糙度(du)為(wei)目的的加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法(fa)，比如超精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、拋光等(deng)。
硬質(zhi)合(he)金精密(mi)加(jia)工的研磨是用研磨工具和研磨劑，從工件(jian)上研去一(yi)層極薄表(biao)面層的精加(jia)工方(fang)法。
采(cai)用不同的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)，比如研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)芯棒、研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)套(tao)、研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平板(ban)等(deng)，可(ke)對硬質合金的(de)(de)內(nei)圓(yuan)、外圓(yuan)和平面(mian)(mian)等(deng)進行研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。為(wei)了磨(mo)(mo)料能嵌入研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)套(tao)的(de)(de)內(nei)表面(mian)(mian)，研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)套(tao)的(de)(de)材料應該軟一些(xie)，常用的(de)(de)是(shi)鑄鐵。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)時先在工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)表面(mian)(mian)涂上一層均(jun)勻(yun)的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑，手持研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)在軸上來回(hui)移動，直至達到研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)要求為(wei)止。
研磨的精密加工方法具(ju)有(you)以下特點(dian)：
1、 經過研磨后的工(gong)件表(biao)面，尺寸精度(du)可以達(da)到IT4-IT1級；表(biao)面粗糙度(du)值可減(jian)小到0.1-0.0006μm。形狀精度(du)可相應提(ti)高。
2、 生產(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)比較低(di)，加工余量小。
3、 研磨劑易飛(fei)濺，污染環(huan)境。
在現代制造業(ye)中，研(yan)磨(mo)應(ying)用非常廣，許多精(jing)密量塊、量規(gui)、齒輪(lun)、鋼球(qiu)、噴油嘴、石英晶體(ti)、陶瓷元件(jian)等(deng)零件(jian)均需研(yan)磨(mo)。
我們(men)再來看看硬質(zhi)合金精密(mi)加工(gong)的(de)(de)另外一種加工(gong)方(fang)式珩磨(mo)。珩磨(mo)的(de)(de)加工(gong)原理是利用珩磨(mo)工(gong)具(ju)對(dui)工(gong)件表面施加一定壓力，珩磨(mo)工(gong)具(ju)同時作往(wang)復(fu)振動(dong)、相對(dui)旋轉和直線(xian)往(wang)復(fu)運動(dong)，切(qie)除工(gong)件上極(ji)小的(de)(de)余量(liang)的(de)(de)精密(mi)加工(gong)方(fang)法。
拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)是(shi)利用(yong)機(ji)械、化(hua)學或電化(hua)學地作(zuo)用(yong)，使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)獲的光(guang)(guang)亮(liang)、平整表面的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法。拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)是(shi)安排在工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)精加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)后進(jin)行，拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)之(zhi)后的工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，粗糙度R值可(ke)達0.1-0.012μm，并能明顯增加(jia)光(guang)(guang)亮(liang)度，但是(shi)不能保持原有(you)的精度。
硬質合(he)(he)金(jin)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)還有(you)很多加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)式，如(ru)CNC銑削加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、慢(man)走絲線(xian)切割(ge)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、電(dian)火花加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、數控車床加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等等，今天(tian)給大家介紹的(de)還只是(shi)磨加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)一(yi)小(xiao)部分(fen)，硬質合(he)(he)金(jin)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)一(yi)門大學問，公(gong)司在硬質合(he)(he)金(jin)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)面擁有(you)非常雄(xiong)厚的(de)實(shi)力(li)，配備各(ge)類先進加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設備，適用于各(ge)類高(gao)精(jing)密(mi)、特種材料、偏心內外形、彎頭(tou)、復雜幾何零(ling)件的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，歡迎前來(lai)咨詢。
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